The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents an important and urgent threat to global health. Healthcare personnel especially those who care for patients at the intensive care units are facing heavy workloads and high risk of infection. Healthcare workers who contact with COVID-19 patients are divided into risk groups according to the characteristics of the procedures they perform during contact, as well as the usage of personal protective equipment. Suggestions for healthcare workers\' risk assessments and recommendations for monitoring based on COVID-19 exposure risk are given in this article.