Journal of Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Medicine 2019 , Vol 10, Issue 3
The Prevalence of Cardiac and Ocular Findings in Patients with Invasive Candida Infection in Intensive Care Unit
Yakup TOMAK 1 ,Onur PALABIYIK 1 ,Melda ÖZTATAR 1 ,Oguz KARABAY 2
1Sakarya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Anesteziyoloji ve Reanimasyon Anabilim Dalı, Sakarya, Türkiye DOI : 10.33381/dcbybd.2019.2191 Introduction: Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a common opportunistic infection in intensive care units (ICUs). IC may cause endocarditis by spreading hematogenously to the heart valves and endocardium or may spread to intraocular tissues and cause endophthalmitis and chorioretinitis. Therefore, echocardiography and an ocular examination should be performed in patients with IC. These complications increase morbidity and mortality. The early diagnosis and treatment of IC are important to reduce these complications. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cardiac and ocular involvement in patients with IC in the ICU.

Materials and Methods: This study was performed retrospectively between January 2015 and December 2017 in the 20-bed ICU. The archive files of patients diagnosed with IC were analyzed. By reviewing the consultation reports of Cardiology and Ophthalmology clinics, cardiac and ocular findings were reported.

Results: Invasive Candidiasis was detected in 44 of 1746 patients who were admitted to the ICU. While the ratio of IC was 25.2 in 1000 patients, the IC rate was 2.02 in 1000 patient days. Of these patients, 41 (93.2%) had central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection, and three (6.8%) of them had urinary tract infection. The most common agents were C. albicans (n = 20, 42.6%) and C. parapsilosis (n = 20, 42.6%). The others were C. tropicalis (n = 4, 8.5%), unspecified Candida spp. (n = 2, 4.2%), and C. glabrata (n = 1, 2.1%). None of the patients had signs of cardiac involvement, such as endocardial vegetation, and signs of ocular involvement, such as chorioretinitis, endophthalmitis, and vitritis.

Conclusion: In our study, we did not detect cardiac and ocular involvement in patients with IC. We believe that larger-scale prospective studies are needed to determine the prevalence of these complications in the ICU. Keywords : Invasive Candidiasis, chorioretinitis, endophthalmitis, endocarditis, intensive care unit